Taekyoon Kim 『국제·지역연구』 제29권 2호, 2020. DOI : 10.56115/RIAS.2020.06.29.2.151 Published by Institute for International Affairs, Seoul National University Abstract This study is undertaken to identify and search success factors of UN’s peacekeeping operation (PKO) and peace conditionality by taking the two success cases of PKO in Africa and comparing Namibia and Mozambique to figure out what are common success factors across the two cases. The study comes up with the important finding that the critical factor affecting the success of UN PKO in reality is not UN-centered peacebuilding efforts, but the degree of major bilateral donors’ engagement and supports. Most of all, it is worthwhile to note that the most critical factor for success scenarios of peace conditionality in post-conflict zones is the intention and warranty of bilateral donors who have been deeply involved in history, politics, and economics of post-conflict states. The upshot is that the humanitarian assistance of UN or UN PKO for peaceful solutions and peace conditionality is seen as a sufficient condition for success scenarios, whereas bilateral donors’ supports for UN’s initiatives for peacebuilding in post-conflict states are regarded as a necessary condition inducing bilateral donors to be supportive rather than to become a spoiler. Lastly, the study concludes by testifying the applicability of the success factors found through Namibia and Mozambique to the Korean Peninsula after the peace accord between the United States and North Korea is signed up, with the assumption that UN would be involved in the recovery and opening of North Korea and the United States and China would also engage the peaceful process in the Korean Peninsula. Institute of International Affairs, Graduate School of International Studies, Seoul National University
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